Transmitting apparatus for wireless telegraphy.



L. ROUZET. TRANSMITTING APPARATUS FOR WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. II 191 I.

Patented Mar. 21, 1916.

sent the following advantages:

' charge occurs.

denser LUCIEN RGUZET, 0F LEVALLOIS-LPERRET, FRANCE,

TRANSMITTING A?PARATUS EGR WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY.

Specification of Letters )E'atent.

Patented Mar. 231, 1916.

Application filed September 11, 1311. Serial No. 648,655.

To (ZZZ whom may concern."

Be it known that l, Locum ltoozrrr, engineer, a subject of the Republic of France, and resident of 59 Rue Victor lingo, -Jerallois-Perrct, Seine, Republic of l rance, haye invented new and useful ln'iprovcments in Transmitting Apparatus forlVireless Telegraphy, of which the following specificatio'n.

My invention relates to transmitting apparatus for wireless telegraphy, which apparatus consists of a condenser connected both with the charging circuit and with the oscillating dischar e circuit, which latter also iucludes a spark gap mechanism i'nounted turn, The operation of this apparatus is regulated with respect to the value of the difl erent factors of the circuits (such as selfinduction, frequency, tension, damping, output) and of certain factors of the spark gap niecianism (such as number of sparks per period oi the charging current, relative velocity, and number of spark gaps arranged in" series}.

The object of my present invention is to produce a transmitting apparatus of the above-indicated character which vill pretory discharges are produced times and under potentials occur tely and absolutely determined, in order that, first, the time during which the oscillating circuit is short circuited be very small so that the condenser maybe charged again as soon asthe oscillatoryrlischarge ceases, and second tlrat the charging operation may proceed without any interriiiption until the following dis- Again, the regulation or" the charging current circuit is such as compared with the spark gap taking into account the self-induction) that the charge the contakes place without shocks, according to a pressure curve produced at the terminals of the condenser, which curve, at the moment when the following discharge 1s to take place, passes tl'irough a maximum.

J The accompanying drawing shows by way of example various methods of ca rying out the invention.

F1 gure 1 shows the first method or arrangmethods cit carrying out the invention in ing the sparking gap, l 9 shows two other which the sparking gap comprises disks provided with metal lieces, Fig. shows another 'method of constructing the device,

The oscilla- Fig. s: shows a diagram oi the method of arranging and connecting up the apparatus.

The sparking is composed of two parts a and I) one of which is generally fixed and the other moves synchronously with the alternating current employed' The disk at consists of insulating material and is attached to spindle 0 which is driven by means of a synchronous motor or by means of the alternator which supplies current to the station. The fixed disk Z) is mounted parallel to the disk 11 and its position can be adjusted upon its axle. Metal pieces d are arranged upon each of the disks and are suitably connected together and so grouped that a determined number of discharges takes place at each revolution.

At Fig. 2, two other forms of the disk are shown. These can be selected to suit requirements, as the number of discharges only depends upon the number of symmetrical axes of the figure, according to which the metal pieces (5 are arranged. By means of the disks (1 and 7) two discharges are produced at each revolution. lVit'n the disks a and 7) four are produced.

The possibilities of regulation which may be etl'ectcd through this arrangement of the spark gap will now be further explained.

According to the figure in which the metal pieces (Z are arranged and according to the number of poles of the driving motor a determined number of discharges per period is produced. The discharge points are 'dependent upon the relative angular position of the rotating disk relatively to the fixed coils of the lndtor and therefore relatively to the fixed disk. By altering the position of the fixed disk circumferentially the discharges are brought to other time points, withlirespect to the curve of the alternating circuit. The position is altered either by moving the spindle c or by turning thc disk I) through an, The number of spark points is chosen according to the amount of energy and pressure of the discharging circuit. The greater their number, the greater is the number of individual sparks brought into series, as Well as the lengthening of the spark for a determined angular rotation of the disk a. The repeated interruptions produce a strong blowing-out action, that is to say a reduction of the time of discharge. By moving one of the disks away from the other the potential minimum of discharge is raised. By rapid blowing-out action and direct connection of the charging current circuit to the condenser the charging is regulated to the longest period of time. By fitting a suitable self-induction coil in the charging current circuit, taking into account the number of sparks per period which the sparking gap produces, the right frequency of charging is determined. In order to still further increase the number of interruptions, several interconnected disks can be employed, or the arrangement can be such as that shown at Fig. 3 in which a rotary drum G provided with metal pieces is provided, adjacent to a device]? for holding metal strips which device is also adjustable and fitted parallel to the drum. In this case the metal pieces are again grouped according to the number of discharges which it is desired to obtain per revolution.

At Fig. at the arrangement of the transmitting apparatus is shown. In this figure E is the actual sparking gap and A and N are respectively the first and the last of the metal pieces of the device. The sparking gap is connected on the one hand with one armature of the condenser C and on the other hand through the coupling device 0 with the other armature of such condenser. F is the antenna and T the earth wire or equalizer of the system. The condenser C is connected directly with the terminals'of the transformer U (having a transformer ratio S), which last is itself connected with the terminals of an alternator H with a frequency w, in the current circuit of which is connected a self-induction coil L which is adjustable and acts as a regulator. The current of the alternator H is also supplied to the motor 13 which drives the rotary or movable member D of the spark gap' mechanism, this member D representing diagrammatically the disks a, a of Figs. 1 and 2, or the drum G of Fig. 3. In order that the best. result may be obtained the value of L must be selected according to the number of periods'of the alternator and the number of sparks per period. For two sparks per period the best value of L is determined from the following equation:

spark will jump from the stationary point shown at the left, adjacent to the letter A, to the registering spark point on the drum G; from this the current will iiow through one of the connections d to the nextspark pointon the drum, from which a spark will jump to the second stationary spark point, and so forth. In each of the construction! shown, the movable member has a plurality of spark points each of which corresponds in number and relative location of points to the set of spark points carried by the respective stationary member Thus thestationary member I) has a set of spark points 61 disposed in a semi oval line, and thecormsponding rotary member a has practically a duplication of this, that is to say a double set of spark points forming a complete oval of the same curvature as said semi-oval. Similarly the stationary member 6' hasflan oblique or diagonal set of spark points com prised within an angle or sector of 90:9, relatively to the spindle a; the correspond.-

ing rotary member a virtually has four sets invention (Figs. 1 and 2) the individual spark points (Z are disposedin a line which is not in said example a circle or are of a circle concentric with the axis q, lbut the points d should be at different distances from the said axis. Speaking in a general way, the object is to arrange the spark points in such 'a manner as to secure, at each revolution, a predetermined number of sparks in series. a Y

The possibility of employing a very high pressure of discharge and the obtaining of an equal, rapid and regular succession of discharges enables a musical tone tobe produced for the receiver, a considerably lower capacity to be employed for the transmitter and the emission of a greater amount of energy with the same dimensions of antenna.

Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my invention and in what mannerit has to be performed, what I claim 1S f l. A transmitter for wireless telegraph comprising a condenser, a charging circuit therefor, a discharge circuit therefor, a spark gap mechanism and means for operating it synchronously with the charging circuit, sai'd mechanism comprising two disks one movable relatively to the other and provided with conducting pointsadapted to register for the production of sparks in series, and a regulatable self-induction coil for adjusting the period of the charging cirsuit. in accordance with the movement of th spark gap mechanism.

2. A transmitter for wireless telegraphv.

comprising a condenser, a charging circuit therefor, a discharge circuit therefor, a spark gap mechanism and means for operating it synchronously with the charging circuit, said mechanism comprising two disks one movable relatively to the other and provided with conducting points so disposed as to produce, at each revolution, a prede termined number of sparks, in series, and a regulatable self-induction coil for adjusting the period of the charging circuit in accordance with the movement of the spark gap mechanism. i

3. A transmitter for Wireless telegraphy, comprising a condenser, a charging circuit therefor, a discharge circuit therefor, a spark gap mechanism and means for operating it synchronously With the charging circuit, said mechanism comprising a series of relatively movable disks adapted to produce sparks in series, and a regulatable selfinduction coil for adjusting the period of the charging circuit in accordance with the movement of the spark gap mechanism.

4. A transmitter for Wireless telegraphy, comprising a condenser, a. charging circuit therefor, a discharge circuit therefor, a spark gap mechanism and means for oper- Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the circuit in accordance with the movement of the spark gap mechanism in such a way that the discharges are produced at the moment when the intensity of the charging current of the condenser passes through zero.

5. A transmitter for wireless telegraph), in which the tuning of the charging circuit is regulated in accordance with the frequency of the feed current and with the number of discharges per pcriod so that the charging of the condenser will take place without any sudden action and according to a potential curve, at the condenser terminals, which attains a maximum at the moment of the next discharge, said discharge therefore taking place at the moment when the intensity curve of the charging current passes through zero.

LUOIEN ROUZET.

Witnesses:

-DEAN B. Mason, FRED F. BARLOW.

Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

